Ultrasonic tissue characterization predicts myocardial viability in early stage of reperfused acute myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to characterize temporal changes in cyclic variation of ultrasonic integrated backscatter (IBS), which reflects intrinsic contractile performance, in patients with reperfused acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to elucidate the clinical value of tissue characterization in predicting myocardial viability. METHODS AND RESULTS We recorded short-axis IBS images before and 3, 7, and 21 days after reperfusion in 26 patients with AMI and obtained the cyclic variation of IBS in the normal and infarct zones. When cyclic variation showed synchrony and asynchrony, we expressed its magnitude as positive and negative values, respectively, called the phase-corrected magnitude. We also measured average wall motion score (dyskinesis, 4; normal, 0) of the infarct segments. The phase-corrected magnitude was lower in the infarct zone than in the normal zone before reperfusion (0.3+/-2.5 versus 5.2+/-1.7 dB, P<.05). At day 3, the phase-corrected magnitude increased by 2.1+/-2.6 dB despite no improvement in wall motion. Improvement in wall motion was observed only at day 21. The patients with the phase-corrected magnitude of > or =2.0 dB at day 3 showed significantly lower wall motion score at day 21 than did the other patients (1.7+/-0.6 versus 2.4+/-0.5, P<.01). CONCLUSIONS In patients with AMI, cyclic variation of IBS is blunted during ischemia but recovers much faster after reperfusion than the improvement in wall motion. The greater phase-corrected magnitude at day 3 may be a predictor of better functional improvement.